Seijiro Matsuoka was an art collector with many and varied interests, and these are reflected in the museum that houses his collection. The three main permanent galleries are devoted to ancient Egyptian art and artifacts, ancient Buddha statues from Gandhara, and large-scale bronze sculptures by Henri Moore and Emile Antoine Bourdelle.

The second-floor exhibition rooms host special exhibitions from the Matsuoka Collection, focusing on pottery, paintings and other artwork from China and Japan, and 19th-century European paintings. The museum shop sells earrings and bracelets, incense burners, original sketchbooks and decorative tape, framed prints, postcards and art books.